{
  "api_version": "1",
  "updated": "2026-10-28",
  "latest_event": "2026-10-27",
  "rights": "© Frontier Log, all rights reserved.",
  "model": {
    "slug": "palm",
    "name": "PaLM",
    "lab": "google",
    "date": "2022-04-04",
    "source": "https://research.google/blog/pathways-language-model-palm-scaling-to-540-billion-parameters-for-breakthrough-performance/",
    "source_title": "Pathways Language Model (PaLM): Scaling to 540 Billion Parameters for Breakthrou",
    "flagship": false,
    "event": "https://frontierlog.ai/event/2022-04-04-palm",
    "releases": [],
    "variant_of": null,
    "made_by": "Google",
    "url": "https://frontierlog.ai/model/palm",
    "results": [
      {
        "id": "palm:gsm8k:default:1",
        "model": "palm",
        "model_name": "PaLM",
        "model_date": "2022-04-04",
        "event": "https://frontierlog.ai/event/2022-04-04-palm",
        "benchmark": "gsm8k",
        "benchmark_name": "GSM8K",
        "setting": "default",
        "setting_name": "",
        "score": 58.0,
        "unit": "%",
        "printed": "58%",
        "reported_by": "google",
        "run_by": null,
        "label": "PaLM",
        "source": "https://research.google/blog/pathways-language-model-palm-scaling-to-540-billion-parameters-for-breakthrough-performance/",
        "source_title": "Pathways Language Model (PaLM): Scaling to 540 Billion Parameters for Breakthrou",
        "source_date": "2022-04-04",
        "where": "section 'Reasoning', paragraph on arithmetic datasets",
        "own": true,
        "primary": true,
        "parallel": false,
        "notes": "PaLM 540B; 8-shot chain-of-thought prompting",
        "caveat": "",
        "human_verified": false,
        "human_verified_on": null,
        "check": "corroborated",
        "corroborated": true,
        "corroborated_on": "2026-10-28",
        "corroborated_by": [
          {
            "url": "https://research.google/blog/language-models-perform-reasoning-via-chain-of-thought/",
            "name": "Google introduces chain-of-thought prompting",
            "title": "Language Models Perform Reasoning via Chain of Thought",
            "lab": "google",
            "date": "2022-05-11",
            "printed": "58%",
            "where": "Arithmetic Reasoning section: \"combining chain of thought prompting with the 540B parameter PaLM model leads to new state-of-the-art performance of 58%\" (caption: results use an external calculator)"
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  }
}